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Photo
Gallery |
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Map of southeastern
Massachusetts showing Cape Cod, the Massachusetts Military Reservation,
and treated wastewater plume. |
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Map
of study area showing wastewater plum, infiltration beds, and extend
of dissolved phosphorus plume. |
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Photo showing
the large-scale tracer-test array at the USGS Cape Cod Toxic Substances
Hydrology Research Site. |
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Some of the Cape
Cod Toxics Site research team at a recent meeting. |
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USGS
scientists collected ground water from multilevel samplers during a
tracer test in the summer of 2001 to measure the consumption of dissolved
oxygen in the aquifer at the wastewater-disposal beds. |
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An
array of wells and multilevel samplers is used to conduct ground-water
tracer experiments at the Cape Cod Toxic Substances Hydrology Research
Site. |
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USGS
scientists collect ground water from multilevel samplers using a sampling
cart that simultaneously pumps 15 sampling tubes screened at different
depths in the aquifer. |
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Well
points that are driven into the pond bottom and connected to a manometer
board are used to identify areas of ground-water discharge to Ashumet
Pond. |
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USGS
scientists use well points driven below the pond bottom to measure
wastewater constituents in ground water discharging to Fishermans Cove
at Ashumet Pond. |
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Aerial
photo taken from between Ashumet and Johns Ponds looking north over
the southeastern portion of the Massachusetts Military Reservation. Cape Cod Bay is visible in the background. |
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Map of southeastern
Massachusetts showing Cape Cod, the Massachusetts Military Reservation,
and treated wastewater plume. |
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Ground-water
contaminant plumes at and near the Massachusetts Military Reservation
in
February 2005. The green plumes are composed primarily of explosive
compounds and
perchlorate. The blue plumes are composed primarily of chlorinated
solvents and ethylene
dibromide. The water-table contours are shown in feet above sea level.
Source of
information: Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment Installation
and Army. |
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USGS scientists
measured wastewater constituents in ground water discharging to Ashumet
Pond by collected water samples from well points driven 2 feet below
the pond bottom. |
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USGS
divers from the USGS Woods Hole Science Center assisted with the installation
and sampling of wells set beneath Ashumet Pond. In this photo, differential
head measurements are being made to better understand the upward hydraulic
gradients beneath the pond. |
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USGS
scientists installed horizontal multiport samplers below the bottom
of Ashumet Pond to monitor the effectiveness of a geochemical barrier
to remediate a phosphate plume discharging to the pond. |
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Fish
were caught in glacial kettle ponds near the MMR as part of an assessment
of fish health conducted in cooperation with the Mass. Division of
Fisheries and Wildlife and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. |
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Small-diameter
piezometers can be installed using a vibratory drilling rig mounted
on an all-terrain vehicle. |
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Monitoring
wells were installed adjacent to cranberry bogs at the discharge area
of a contaminant plume from the MMR by using a hollow-stem auger drilling
rig. |
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USGS
technicians measured streamflow along the Quashnet River, Mashpee,
Massachusetts, where several contaminant plumes discharge to cranberry
bogs. |
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USGS
hydrologic technicians installed water-level recording and telemetry
instrumentation in well MA-SDW 537-107 located near the top of the
water-table mound on Camp Edwards in January 2005. The water-level
readings are transmitted by satellite to USGS computers and are updated
on the web every 15 minutes. |
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USGS
scientists tested the use of in-well diffusion samplers for the detection
of ordnance-related compounds in monitoring wells at Camp Edwards. |
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Water
levels in monitoring wells can be measured by using an electrical water-level
tape. |
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A
drilling rig mounted on an all-terrain vehicle was used to collect
ground-water samples on an island in Snake Pond near Camp Edwards. |
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The
Impact Area at Camp Edwards on the Massachusetts Military Reservation
was used until the late 1990s for target practice with artillery and
the testing of various military ordnance. |
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USGS
scientist collected ground-water samples from beneath Snake Pond by
using a temporary drive point from a boat. The drive point is adjacent
to the middle of the boat. The tall aluminum pipes are used to hold
the boat in place during sampling. |
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The
wastewater-treatment plant at the Massachusetts Military Reservation
(MMR) discharged the treated effluent to rapid-infiltration sand beds.
Photo courtesy of the AFCEE Installation Restoration Program at the
MMR. Date of photo is about 1941. |
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The
natural-restoration investigation is focused on the area between the
infiltration beds (in foreground) and Ashumet Pond. The treated wastewater
was applied to the infiltration beds from about 1936 to 1995. Ashumet
Pond is located about 1,700 feet southeast of the beds. |
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Scientists
and technicians use a variety of meters and probes to measure pH, specific
conductance, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity in the field during collection
of ground-water samples from wells and multilevel samplers. |
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Monitoring
wells and multilevel samplers were installed in the vicinity of the
wastewater-infiltration beds to observe the natural restoration of
ground-water quality in the area. Luke Parsons (National Association
of Geoscience Teachers student intern from Brown University) is lowering
a pump into a monitoring well to collect samples of ground water from
well cluster S500. |
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An
array of multilevel samplers and monitoring wells has been installed
in a gravel pit south of the wastewater-infiltration beds to conduct
ground-water tracer tests and monitor the natural restoration of the
ground-water quality. |
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Each
multilevel sampler contains 15 tubes. Each tube connects to a port
at a different depth in the aquifer and can be pumped to sample ground
water. |
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Pond-bottom
piezometers were installed by using a vibratory drilling rig on a barge.
Piezometers were installed to depths of 10, 30, 60, and 100 feet below
the pond bottom at three locations to delineate the vertical extent
of the plume. |
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Seepage
meters were used to measure fluxes of water and associated phosphorus
concentrations discharging to the pond in the Fishermans Cove area.
Nick Geboy (National Association of Geoscience Teachers student intern
from the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh) is connecting a seepage
bag to the meter. |
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In
late August 2004, the Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment
placed a geochemical barrier on the bottom of the pond to reduce phosphorus
discharge. A coffer dam was placed around the work site and large pumps
were used to lower water levels in the work area. This photo shows
the shoreline during the dewatering process. |
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Once
the area was dewatered, excavators were used to dig out pond-bottom
materials to a depth of 3 feet, and a mixing bucket (red apparatus
on the right) was used to mix iron filings into the pond-bottom sediment.
The iron filings were delivered to the work site in large white sacks. |
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Permanent
monitoring devices were installed by the USGS during the barrier installation.
Prior to installation, the devices, including vertical multilevel samplers,
stacked diffusion samplers, horizontal multiport samplers, and permanent
seepage meters, were designed and tested for their ability to monitor
the performance of the geochemical barrier. |
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USGS
scientists installed horizontal multiport samplers below the bottom
of Ashumet Pond to monitor the effectiveness of the geochemical barrier. |
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Soon
after installation of the geochemical barrier, the sediment along the
shoreline turned red because of the oxidation of the newly placed iron
filings. |
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USGS scientists deploying the 1000-m-long DTS fiber optic cable in Ashumet Pond. The fiber optic technology was used to measure pond-bottom temperatures in an area of ground-water discharge to the pond. |
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Six 200-liter tanks used for mixing and delivering tracer-test injectate to 2-inch monitoring wells. |
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| Additional
Photos |
U.S. Department of the Interior |
U.S. Geological Survey